The course explores the vexed concept of “influence” in medieval art through case studies involving exchange between Eastern/Western Christian, Jewish, Pagan, and Islamic traditions. The seminar proceeds as a research workshop: each unit requires students to prepare a research agenda, present initial findings, and contribute to the course bibliography. In lieu of a single paper, students may compile a portfolio of short critical essays with a general introduction/conclusion. Readings balance historical and contemporary approaches to exceptionally complex monuments, along with theoretical texts drawn both from art history and other fields.